scipy.fft.

fftfreq#

scipy.fft.fftfreq(n, d=1.0, *, xp=None, device=None)[source]#

Return the Discrete Fourier Transform sample frequencies.

The returned float array f contains the frequency bin centers in cycles per unit of the sample spacing (with zero at the start). For instance, if the sample spacing is in seconds, then the frequency unit is cycles/second.

Given a window length n and a sample spacing d:

f = [0, 1, ...,   n/2-1,     -n/2, ..., -1] / (d*n)   if n is even
f = [0, 1, ..., (n-1)/2, -(n-1)/2, ..., -1] / (d*n)   if n is odd

Parameters:

nint: Window length.
dscalar, optional: Sample spacing (inverse of the sampling rate). Defaults to 1.
xparray_namespace, optional: The namespace for the return array. Default is None, where NumPy is used.
devicedevice, optional: The device for the return array. Only valid when xp.fft.fftfreq implements the device parameter.

Returns:

fndarray: Array of length n containing the sample frequencies.

Notes

Array API Standard Support

fftfreq has experimental support for Python Array API Standard compatible backends in addition to NumPy. Please consider testing these features by setting an environment variable SCIPY_ARRAY_API=1 and providing CuPy, PyTorch, JAX, or Dask arrays as array arguments. The following combinations of backend and device (or other capability) are supported.

Library	CPU	GPU
NumPy	✅	n/a
CuPy	n/a	✅
PyTorch	✅	✅
JAX	✅	✅
Dask	✅	n/a

See Support for the array API standard for more information.

Examples

>>> import numpy as np
>>> import scipy.fft
>>> signal = np.array([-2, 8, 6, 4, 1, 0, 3, 5], dtype=float)
>>> fourier = scipy.fft.fft(signal)
>>> n = signal.size
>>> timestep = 0.1
>>> freq = scipy.fft.fftfreq(n, d=timestep)
>>> freq
array([ 0.  ,  1.25,  2.5 , ..., -3.75, -2.5 , -1.25])